ABSTRACT
Rhipicephalus microplus, is one parasites that cause severe productivity losses in the cattle industry of Brazil and shows increasing resistance to conventional pesticides. This research aims to study the chemical composition, and acaricidal activity of the essential oil from Ocotea notata leaves, a brazilian endemic species, against R. microplus. The effect on R. microplus engorged adult females was evaluated using the immersion test. The oil reduced the survival by 90% after incubation for 15 days and there was 100% reduction for posture inhibition and reproductive capacity. These results suggest that the O. notata essential oil has activity on the R. microplus.
Rhipicephalus microplus, es un parásito que causa graves pérdidas de productividad en la industria ganadera de Brasil y muestra una creciente resistencia a los pesticidas convencionales. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la composición química y la actividad acaricida del aceite esencial de las hojas de Ocotea notata, una especie endémica brasileña, contra R. microplus. El efecto sobre las hembras adultas engordadas de R. microplus se evaluó mediante la prueba de inmersión. El aceite redujo la supervivencia en 90% después de la incubación durante 15 días y hubo una reducción del 100% para la inhibición de la postura y la capacidad reproductiva. Estos resultados sugieren que el aceite esencial de O. notata tiene actividad contra R. microplus.
Subject(s)
Animals , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Ocotea/chemistry , Rhipicephalus/drug effects , Acaricides/pharmacology , Terpenes/analysis , Ticks/drug effects , Brazil , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Tick Control/methods , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Lauraceae/chemistry , Acaricides/chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryABSTRACT
The acaricidal activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractions from the leaves of Morus nigra (Moraceae) was carried out on female cattle ticks Rhipicephalus microplus, using the adult immersion test. The mortality and fertility of females exposed to different concentrations of hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions, as well as ethanolic extract of M. nigra with concentrations of 5, 10 and 25mg/ml were evaluated using three treatment groups, two control groups and triplicate tests. The study also identified the main phenolic compounds of the extract and fractions of this species by HPLC. The chloroform fraction of leaves of M. nigra (25mg/mL) showed the best results for this species, obtaining 62.6% of inhibition of oviposition, 39.3% of eggs eclosion average and 65.4% of effectiveness. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, which may be related to biological activity shown by the extracts, which can be used as an alternative control against R. microplus adult tick.(AU)
A atividade acaricida do extrato etanólico bruto e das frações das folhas de Morus nigra (Moraceae) foi avaliada no carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus, utilizando-se o teste de imersão de fêmeas ingurgitadas. Foram avaliadas a mortalidade e a fertilidade das fêmeas ingurgitadas, expostas a diferentes concentrações (5, 10 e 25 mg/mL) das frações hexânica, clorofórmica e acetato de etila, bem como do extrato etanólico. Os testes foram realizados em triplicata. O estudo também identificou os principais compostos fenólicos do extrato e das frações dessa espécie por HPLC. A fração clorofórmica das folhas de M. nigra (25mg/mL) apresentou o melhor resultado para essa espécie, obtendo-se 62,6% de inibição da oviposição, 39,3% da eclosão dos ovos e 65,4% de eficácia. A análise por HPLC revelou a presença de compostos fenólicos, os quais podem estar relacionados com a atividade biológica demonstrada pelos extratos, que podem ser utilizados como auxiliar no controle contra carrapato adulto de R. microplus.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Acaricides/analysis , Morus/toxicity , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Rhipicephalus/drug effects , Tick Control/methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/veterinary , Ticks/drug effectsABSTRACT
En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto letal y subletal de cinco lactonas obtenidas de un cultivo líquido de Streptomyces sp, sobre la garrapata del ganado (Boophilus annulatus Say) y la cantidad y calidad de su ovoposición. Los resultados se compararon con los producidos por un fármaco comercial a base de ivermectina. La lactona 3 povocó 30 por ciento de mortalidad, el más alto de las lactonas en experimentación y un descenso mayor en la eclosión de la puesta que el causado por el fármaco comercial usado, lo que le confiere un uso potencial como insecticida
Subject(s)
Ticks/drug effects , Lactones/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , MortalityABSTRACT
Three species of Hyalomma tick, [H. anatolicum, H, dromedarii and H. impeltatum] were collected from camels in North Sinai .The susceptibility of adult females and males of each species to four different groups of insecticides [BHC, Fenitrothion, Permethrin and Baygon] were determined. The results of Lc50 values showed that BHC was the most effective compound against adult males and female of H. impeltatum, whereas the superior efficiency against H. anatolicum and H. dromedarii occurred by Baygon and Permethrin respectively on both males and females. Also the results indicated that the adult males of all tested species of ticks were more susceptible to all the tested insecticides than the adult females